It is named after Henry O. Bakken, a farmer who discovered the formation while drilling for oil. "[57], On January 18, 2017, the USACE filed its formal Notice of Intent to conduct the Environmental Impact Statement process. What to Expect From Frac Activity in 2H'23 & 2024, Top Drilling Contractors Talk 2H '23 and 2024, EOG Resources, Inc., First Quarter 2023 Results, Top Frac Companies Talk Slowdown In Gas Basin; Oversupplied Permian, PHX Minerals Inc., First Quarter 2023 Results, Chord Energy Corporation First Quarter 2023 Results, Enerplus Corporation First Quarter 2023 Results, Latest News on the US, Canada and International plays, Tracking Activity on more than 4,000 companies (E&P, Midstream & Oilfield Services), Active Rigs By Company and County (Updated Weekly), 2015 & 2014 Company Detailed Drilling Budgets, Company & Play Break-Even, Type Curves and Well Economics. The Three Forks formation typically consists of interbedded dolomites and shale with local development of a discontinuous sandy member at the top, known as the Sanish sand. [82] The project consists of 143 miles (230km) of oil-gathering pipelines and 200 miles (322km) of larger transmission pipeline. A lock () or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. 94W., Section 15, where it reaches 145150 feet. The Bakken Formation: A basic explanation - Bakken Oil Business Journal Production was mainly from a few vertical wells until the 1980's when horizontal technology became available. . The Upper and Lower Shales have unusually high gamma ray readings and high resistivity, while the Middle Member has a signature similar to clastic and carbonate rocks. [18] In December 2014 Dakota Access submitted an application for a permit from the North Dakota Public Service Commission for the proposed route. "[24][25] The IUB stated that with the conditions, the pipeline would promote public convenience and necessity. Oil was first produced from the Bakken more than 50 years ago. How is hydraulic fracturing related to earthquakes and tremors? Why does the USGS decide to reassess oil and gas formations? Memorandum in Support of Motion for Preliminary Injunction Expedited Hearing Requested", "Standing Rock Sioux tribe claims small victory in pipeline battle", "Enbridge, Marathon Petroleum buy Bakken pipeline stake for $2-billion", "Enbridge, Marathon Agree to Buy $2 Billion Bakken Pipe Stake", "Bakken pipeline opposition presents petitions to U.S. Justice Department", "Joint Statement from the Department of Justice, the Department of the Army and the Department of the Interior Regarding Standing Rock Sioux Tribe v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers", "Dakota Access Pipeline: What's Behind the Protests? The Williston Basin extends to southwestern Manitoba, east-central North Dakota, northwestern South Dakota, eastern Montana, and southern Saskatchewan. The Bakken shale and underlying Three Forks formation are part of the larger Williston Basin, which encompasses Saskatchewan, Manitoba, North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota. The USGS does not Reserves are quantities of oil and gas that are already discovered, recoverable, and commercial. Potential effects of energy development on environmental resources of [56] Energy Transfer Partners and Sunoco Logistics Partners issued a same-day response saying that the White House's directive "is just the latest in a series of overt and transparent political actions by an administration which has abandoned the rule of law in favor of currying favor with a narrow and extreme political constituency." Forks Formation, which is unconformable. At the stated daily transport volume of 2,600,000 cubic feet (75,000m3), the discharge time to empty the whole pipeline is estimated at 11.4 days. [120][123] Sioux tribes expressed concern over leaks because the pipeline passes under Lake Oahe, which serves as a major source of water. [28] and in 2016, landowners across Iowa expressed concern about allowing the use of eminent domain to condemn privately owned land, particularly agricultural land. Williston Basin Geology This area is located at the eastern base of the Nesson Anticline. Does the Bakken Formation contain more oil than Saudi Arabia? More than 2,500 Subscribers rely on our data each day. Christopher J. Schenk, Michael H. Gardner, Tracey J. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, Phuong A. [148][149], According to the North Dakota State Historic Preservation Office, the areas highlighted by Tim Mentz were evaluated by state officials on both September 21 and October 20, 2016. [73] By 2021, the pipeline had the ability to transport 750,000 barrels of oil per day[74] and was accounting for 40 percent of oil produced in the Bakken region. Inset map (bottom right) shows the Williston Basin Province boundary. In September 2016, the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe filed an appeal which was denied a month later. MarEn Bakken Company LLC is an entity owned by MPLX LP (an affiliate of Marathon Petroleum) and Enbridge Energy Partners L.P.[89], Bakken Holdings Company and Phillips 66 also co-own another part of the Bakken system, the Energy Transfer Crude Oil Pipeline which runs from Patoka to storage terminals in Nederland, Texas. . The companys biggest challenge was getting the swell packers and fracturing equipment down the well. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1653, 19 p. North Dakota Geologic Survey The route starts with a terminal in the Stanley area and runs west with five more terminals in Ramberg Station, Epping, Trenton, Watford City and Johnsons Corner before becoming a transmission line going through Williston, the Watford City area, south of Bismarck, and crossing the Missouri River again north of Cannon Ball. The Sierra Club said this action was illegal before the US Corps of Engineers authorized the project. The middle Bakken member, which mostly consists of sandstones and siltstones but also has low porosity (1-15%) and low permeability (0.01-109 mD), it's the principal hydrocarbon-producing member, particularly for a reservoir formation (LeFever et al. The produced oil is a clean, low-specific-gravity blend that requires little refining. And these werent short-term gains. And their multiple-stage fracturing method became a blueprint for producing the Bakken. [11] Meetings in Fort Madison, Sioux Center, Oskaloosa and Storm Lake brought out hundreds of people expressing their support and/or opposition to the pipeline. MRP 134: Overview of the Williston Basin and Bakken Shale [138], Several groups, including the Standing Rock Sioux and the Society for American Archaeology, have raised concerns over the thoroughness of archaeological surveys conducted along the pipeline's corridor. This alternative was determined not to be a viable alternative because of multiple factors, including that it was not co-located with other infrastructure, the route's impacts to wellhead water resources, constraints on the route from the North Dakota Public Service Commission's 500-foot residential buffer requirement and the route's additional impacts to areas identified as High Consequence areas under Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration regulations. Similar to the Bakken formation, the Three Forks formation has recently been exploited utilizing the same horizontal drilling and advanced completion techniques as the Bakken development. Map showing location of two continuous oil and gas assessment units (AUs) in the Bakken Formation of northwest Montana. Hayes, M.D., 1984, Conodonts of the Bakken Formation (Devonian and Mississippian), Williston Basin, The stratigraphic units in the image to the right represent a time period that lasted from 416 to 318 million years ago. | U.S. Geological Survey Does the Bakken Formation contain more oil than Saudi Arabia? contact lies approximately within the upper portion of the middle member. The stratigraphic units in the image to the right represent a time period that lasted from 416 to 318 million years ago. [130], The Meskwaki tribe opposed the pipeline citing concerns that the pipeline could be used as a replacement if the Keystone XL pipeline is not built. The Bakken is a high-yield oil play that also produces a lot of water, with an average production ratio around 1:2 oil to water. [77][78] The temporary shutdown order was overturned by a U.S. appeals court on August 5, 2020 though the environmental review is expected to continue. These members also serve as very effective seals, owing to their very low permeability. The Bakken is one of many hydrocarbon producing formations in the Williston Basin, a sedimentary basin covering parts of three states and two provinces. The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. The Bakken formation is a rock unit from the Late Devonian to Early Mississippian age occupying about 200,000 square miles (520,000 km2) of the subsurface of the Williston Basin, underlying parts of Montana, North Dakota, and Saskatchewan. This question cannot be answered clearly because the methods used by those organizations to estimate oil and gas resource volumes are often not publicly available to compare step-by-step. Fish And Wildlife Service Environmental Assessment Grassland And Wetland Easement Crossing", "A Legal and Political Analysis of the Proposed Bakken Oil Pipeline in Iowa", "Fight Over Dakota Access Pipeline Intensifies; Company behind the project expects final approval; opponents vow to continue effort", "Standing Rock Sioux take action to protect culture and environment from massive crude oil pipeline", "People at the front lines of the battle over the Dakota Access Pipeline are calling it a 'death sentence', "What to Know About the Dakota Access Pipeline Protests", "Why Previously Proposed Route for Dakota Access Pipeline Was Rejected", "Three Affiliated Tribes issues support for pipeline protest", "Chairman Fox Conveys Extreme Adverse Impacts of Pipeline Closure on the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation", "Standing Rock tribe sues over Dakota Access pipeline permits", "Judge Rules That Construction Can Proceed On Dakota Access Pipeline", "Standing Rock Sioux Takes Pipeline Fight to UN Human Rights Council in Geneva", "UN Experts to United States: Stop DAPL Now", "Sioux's Concerns Over Pipeline Impact on Water Supply 'Unfounded,' Company Says", "CEO behind Dakota Access to protesters: 'We're building the pipeline', "Trump team reaches out to Native Americans", "DAPL is the biggest issue in Public Archaeology right now", "Introduction: Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Traditional Cultural Properties", "National Historic Preservation Act, 1966 as Amended (2000)", "How the archaeological review behind the Dakota Access Pipeline went wrong", "Pipeline Will Proceed Despite Tribal Protests", "Did the Dakota Access Pipeline Company Deliberately Destroy Sacred Sioux Burial Sites? Maps: Oil and Gas Exploration, Resources, and Production - Energy "[140] The USACE reached out to the Standing Rock Sioux on several occasions for consultation, but were denied. Bakken Formation (Pasquo and others, 2019; Browne and others, . The entire stratigraphic column for the Williston Basin is shown below. The water content is typically high in salt content, which presents unique challenges to the production equipment Here are three three of the most common: One big challenge this play offers is erosion from flow back. This was possible due to a new technology: swell packers. The USGS assessment found that the Bakken Formation has an estimated mean oil resource of 3.65 BBO and the Three Forks Formation has an estimated mean resource of 3.73 BBO, for a total of 7.38 BBO, with a range of 4.42 (95 percent chance) to 11.43 BBO (5 percent chance). This page was last edited on 8 August 2023, at 18:35. [50] Craig Stevens, spokesman for the Midwest Alliance for Infrastructure Now (MAIN) Coalition, called the Corps's announcement "yet another attempt at death by delay" and said the Obama administration "has chosen to further fan the flames of protest by more inaction." North Dakota - Bakken | U.S. Geological Survey - USGS.gov 2023 Shale Experts, All rights reserved. 1992; Pitman et al. To provide the best experiences, we use technologies like cookies to store and/or access device information. Energy & Environmental Research Center 15 North 23rd Street, Stop 9018 Grand Forks, ND 58202-9018 USA Phone: (701) 777-5000 Fax: (701) 777-5181 [166] In October, another arson fire caused $2 million worth of damage to pipeline construction equipment in Jasper County, Iowa. The use of different methodologies is the greatest contributor to this extreme variation, along with data usage . Assessment of continuous oil and gas resources in the Bakken Formation It is located within the boundaries of the. [5] Plans for the pipeline were announced by Energy Transfer Partners in 2014,[6] with Phillips 66 acquired 25% stake in the project later that same year. U.S. District Judge James E. Boasberg said in the ruling that the USACE "likely complied" with its obligation to consult the tribe and that the tribe "has not shown it will suffer injury that would be prevented by any injunction the Court could issue. conodont fossils1 present within the formation. Minot Williston Dickinson SASKATCHEWAN MANITOBA CANADA UNITED STATES NORTH DAKOTA MONTANA SOUTH DAKOTA CEDAR CREEK ANTICLINE Permeability ranges from 0.01 to 20 mD. . [4][5] Extraction from the area increased from 309,000 barrels a day in 2010 to more than 1 million in 2014, with insufficient pipeline infrastructure to transport the increased extraction. Frac sand is extremely tough on oilfield equipment, and especially valves. [109] The system includes one electric pump station. The technical storage or access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of enabling the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication over an electronic communications network. [59], Following the inauguration of Donald Trump in January 2017, he signed a presidential memorandum to advance approval of pipeline construction, while stating his intention to "renegotiate some of the terms" of the pipeline bill. There is a high pressure drop in the area with the frac sand washing out the trim and cage of the valves. [142] One instance of tribal consultation at Lake Oahe pointed out several cultural sites and a cemetery that the USACE were previously unaware of. Source : Continental Resources Investor Presentation. [112] The USACE has conducted a limited review of the route, involving an environmental assessment of river crossings and portions of the project related to specific permits, and issued a finding of no significant impact. [76] In July 2020, Judge Boasberg ordered the pipeline to be shut down and emptied of oil pending a new environmental review. (PDF) Combining Source Rock Kinetics and Vitrinite Reflectance in [58] The notice opened a thirty-day comment on the scope of the EIS, addressing the crossing of Lake Oahe. recognized as world-class source rocks. An official website of the United States government. The USGS assesses undiscovered, technically recoverable resources, which are those that are estimated to exist based on geologic knowledge and theory. [34] In July and August 2016, The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) approved the water crossing permits and issued all but one permission necessary for the pipeline construction. Unauthorized distribution, transmission or republication strictly prohibited. [118] Groups such as Greenpeace, the Science & Environmental Health Network,[119] and in 2016 a group of more than 160scientists spoke out against the pipeline. 155N., R. Track new and recompletion permits by: well name, class, (Oil, Gas, etc) county, state, operator, permit date and, status, API, lease information, and legal description, Rig Locations Map / Database: Updated Weekly, Search and view rig locations by: operator, well name, county, state, and wellbore type, Search for the number of wells planned to drill / complete, rigs, lateral lengths, and frac stages. Sometimes more information is available either from USGS research or industry production, and the USGS decides to conduct a new assessment. Technically recoverable means that the oil and/or gas can be produced using currently available technology and industry practices. [82], In the early stages of route planning, it was proposed laying the pipeline 10 miles (16km) northeast of Bismarck, North Dakota. [90] The loans were provided by a group of 17 banks, including Citibank, Wells Fargo, BNP Paribas, SunTrust, Royal Bank of Scotland, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Mizuho Bank, TD Securities, ABN AMRO Capital, ING Bank, DNB ASA, ICBC, SMBC Nikko Securities and Socit Gnrale. We welcome your feedback to make the Bakken Oil Business Journal your 1-stop Bakken resource and guide. Major structural features within the basin include the Nesson and Cedar Creek . Two other fires involving pipeline construction equipment were set around the same time in the same county and another was set in Mahaska County. To learn more about theintricacies of the Bakken, continue reading here. Explore Search. Available in traditional paper map format ($10 . "[133], On September 20, 2016, Dave Archambault II addressed the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland, where he called "upon all parties to stop the construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline." The numbers to know about the Standing Rock protests", "There's a reason few even knew the Dakota Access pipeline was being built", "The Conflicts Along 1,172 Miles of the Dakota Access Pipeline", "Pipeline route plan first called for crossing north of Bismarck", "Why a Previously Proposed Route for the Dakota Access Pipeline Was Rejected", "If Dakota Access pipeline were to move, where? The Bakken shale is one of the largest (possibly the largest) continuous oil accumulations in the world. Bakken producing zones are mainly present in Western North Dakota, Southern Saskatchewan, and Eastern Montana. [7][89], The pipeline project cost $3.78 billion, of which $2.5 billion was financed by loans, while the rest of the capital was raised by the sale of ownership in Dakota Access, LLC to Enbridge and Marathon Petroleum. [82], In Iowa, the pipeline extends about 347 miles (558km) diagonally through 18Iowa counties: Lyon, Sioux, O'Brien, Cherokee, Buena Vista Sac, Calhoun, Webster, Boone, Story (which will have a pumping station), Polk, Jasper, Mahaska Keokuk, Wapello, Jefferson, Van Buren, and Lee. Assessment of continuous oil and gas resources in the Bakken Formation of northwest Montana, 2022, Characterization and origin of brines from the Bakken-Three Forks petroleum system in the Williston Basin, USA, Assessment of water and proppant quantities associated with petroleum production from the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana and North Dakota, 2016, Assessment of undiscovered oil resources in the Bakken and Three Forks Formations, Williston Basin Province, Montana, North Dakota, and South Dakota, 2013, Assessment of Undiscovered Technically Recoverable Oil and Gas Resources of the Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, Montana and North Dakota, 2008, A resource evaluation of the Bakken Formation (Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian) continuous oil accumulation, Williston Basin, North Dakota and Montana, Developing an oil generation model for resource assessment of the Bakken Formation, U.S. portion of the Williston Basin. The Three Forks formation, generally found immediately under the Bakken formation, has also proven to contain productive reservoir rock. [127] In September 2014, Standing Rock Chairman Dave Archambault II indicated the tribe's opposition to any pipeline within treaty boundaries encompassing "North Dakota, Montana, Wyoming and South Dakota. [106] The plans called for the pipeline to be directionally bored so that it would not come in contact with the Missouri River. It begins in the shale oil fields of the Bakken Formation in northwest North Dakota and continues through South Dakota and Iowa to an oil terminal near Patoka, Illinois. In late May 2016, the permit was temporarily revoked in three counties of Iowa, where the pipeline would cross the Big Sioux River and the Big Sioux Wildlife Management Area; these are historic and cultural sites of the Upper Sioux tribe, including graves in Lyon County. [9][10], In September 2014, Dakota Access held an initial informational meeting with the Standing Rock Sioux Tribal Council. Bakken Formation Oil & Gas | Map, News, Lease, Royalty Info It starts in Stanley, North Dakota, and travels in a southeastward direction to end at the oil tank farm near Patoka, Illinois. The thickest area of the Bakken Formation is southeast of Tioga, North Dakota, T. Critical Challenges. Although Bakken oil production initially began in the 1950s at Antelope Field in North Dakota, large-scale . The depth to the top of the Bakken can vary from a few thousand feet in Canada to more than 10,000 feet in the deeper areas in North Dakota. The Bakken Formation lies within the oil-window of the vast Williston Basin, which extends over the regions of North Dakota, Montana and the Canadian province of Saskatchewan (Figure 1). What are "technically recoverable" oil and gas resources? It is an interbedded sequence of black shale, siltstone, and sandstone that underlies large areas of northwestern North Dakota, northeastern Montana, southern Saskatchewan, and southwestern Manitoba. Despite concerns being raised that the project could threaten the water supply from Lake Oahe and the Missouri River if a leak occurred, project financing was still approved. North Dakota Governor Jack Dalrymple criticized the decision saying the pipeline would be safe and that the decision was "long overdue". Iowa", "Hundreds Pack Inside Sioux Center Meeting On Proposed Dakota Access Pipeline Project", "Iowans pack meeting on new oil pipeline", "Two county Farm Bureaus to host crude oil pipeline webinar", "Docket Summary for Docket HLP-2014-0001", "Branstad won't stop Bakken oil pipeline through Iowa", "North Dakota Public Service Commission Combined Application for Certificate of Corridor Compatibility and Route Permit", "Bakken pipeline OK requested; setting up Iowa showdown", "Proposed Bakken pipeline construction requires at least two DNR permits", "Iowa bills place hurdles for Bakken pipeline, powerline", "Iowa Utilities Board approves Dakota Access pipeline permit with landowner protections", Bakken pipeline firm seeks expedited construction permit, Bakken pipeline secures 82 percent of Iowa land parcels, "Dakota Access still seeking 23 condemnation suits for pipeline easements", "Iowa Poll: Iowans back energy projects, but oppose eminent domain", "Keystone pipeline: How many jobs it would really create", "Tribal land issues block Bakken pipeline in Iowa", "Iowa farmers sue to block use of eminent domain for Bakken pipeline", "Despite critics, Bakken pipeline gets go-ahead in Iowa", "Bakken pipeline will run under sacred tribal site", "Dakota Access pipeline approval disputed in Iowa court", "What You Need to Know About the Dakota Access Pipeline Protest", "Standing Rock Sioux Tribe v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Generally, the upper and lower shale members . If you would like to participate, you can choose to edit this article, or visit the project page for more information.
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