J Epidemiol Community Health. 2007;335(7630):1134. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39367.495995.AE. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk among women from five ethnic groups with light to moderate intakes: the multiethnic cohort study. 1992;24(1):519. 2017;67(5):37897. In order to collect data and evaluate relevant exposure factors, 21 studies chose a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), 11 studies selected a diet questionnaire, and 3 studies chose a home visit or in-depth interview. The association between breast cancer and consumption of dairy - PubMed Google Scholar. The meta-analysis comprised 36 articles with 1,019,232 participants. Int J Cancer. Nutrition and lifestyle habits are among the most easily modifiable aspects of peoples lives which are considered effective prevention strategies for cancer [16,17,18,19]. High- and Low-Fat Dairy Intake, Recurrence, and Mortality After Breast The World Cancer Research Fund recommends that women who have had breast cancer follow advice to reduce their risk of cancer coming back. Ronco AL, De Stefani E, Dattoli R. Dairy foods and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Montevideo. Fourth, there may be significant heterogeneity among the included studies due to reported population variations in terms of lifestyle preferences, living locations, and so on. 2014;15(21):95437. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. A case control study of Iranian women. ( 1) recently reported positive associations between high-fat, but not low-fat, dairy consumption and all-cause and breast-cancer mortality in the Life After Cancer Epidemiology (LACE) cohort of women with early-stage breast cancer.The authors suggested that high-fat dairy intake may worsen breast cancer prognosis possibly through an increase in circulating estrogen levels. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20203208. PubMed We used delayed entry Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations between categories of the cumulative average of dairy fat at baseline and at follow-up 5 to 6 years later and subsequent outcomes. 1997;89(18):13738. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022506507984. Dandamudi A, et al. Fermented dairy products can reduce BC risk in postmenopausal population (HR=0.96, 95%CI=0.930.99, p=0.021), but have no protective effect on premenopausal population (HR=0.98, 95%CI=0.941.03, p=0.52). For this study, full-fat dairy products included: whole milk condensed or evaporated milk pudding ice cream custard flan cheese yogurt butter What to know about breast cancer and soy Link Is it safe? 2015;38(4):7345. 2014;7(6):281824. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.21635. Combination of dietary factors in relation to breast-cancer occurrence. Article CAS Annu Rev Med. Varinska L, Gal P, Mojzisova G, Mirossay L, Mojzis J. Soy and breast cancer: focus on angiogenesis. Front Microbiol. 2017;13(11):138797. 2011;10(4):32435. Vitamin D, calcium and prevention of breast cancer: a review. Diet during adolescence and risk of breast cancer among young women. the meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology, the population, intervention, comparison, outcome and setting criteria, the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale checklist. 1995;63(1):137. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.13140. 2012;66(1):17. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2010.516478. Beggs rank correlation [57] and Eggers linear regression tests [58] were used to testing publication bias. Cancer Res. "Breast cancer can return to the same area (or close to) where it first appeared," Lange says. Dairy products intake and cancer mortality risk: a meta-analysis of 11 population-based cohort studies. Nutrients. Gallardo M, Calaf GM. Fruit, vegetable, and animal food intake and breast cancer risk by hormone receptor status. 2018;27(5):57584. However, high-fat dairy intake was positively associated with outcomes. Dietary dairy product intake and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective study using dietary data from a 7-day food diary. Dairy consumption in adolescence and early adulthood and Risk of breast Cancer. Abstract Background: Associations between soy, dairy intakes and breast cancer risk are inconsistent. Introduction: Dairy products are under study as a factor that may: Increase breast cancer risk Decrease breast cancer risk Some researchers have suggested the high fat content of many dairy products or traces of growth hormones in milk may increase breast cancer risk [1-2]. Kim MK, et al. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327914NC382_2. We investigated the associations between intake of whole grain (WG) and dairy products assessed both pre- and post-diagnostically in relation to . 2012;35(9):183544. Dietary fat and breast cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition. The quality of each included study was evaluated and scored using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) checklist, a tool used for quality assessment of non-randomized studies, which is composed of eight items classified into three aspects, including selection, comparability, and outcome. Cancer Causes Control. Article volume21, Articlenumber:1109 (2021) Following the Cochrane Manual and study characteristics, I2 values between 0 and 30% indicated mild or insignificant heterogeneity, those between 30 and 70% indicated moderate heterogeneity, while those between 70 and 100% indicated high or significant heterogeneity [54]. Chronic circadian disruption modulates breast cancer stemness and immune microenvironment to drive metastasis in mice. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.2008.083774. Fact Checked Dairy Products and Breast Cancer Risk: What to Know Researchers from Loma Linda University Health said even moderate amounts of daily dairy milk can increase breast. Comprehensive spectrum of BRCA1 and BRCA2 deleterious mutations in breast cancer in Asian countries. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. https://doi.org/10.3945/cdn.117.000422. A schematic flow for the selection of articles included in this meta-analysis. 2017;8(6):793803. Article van't Veer P, et al. Breast cancer and soy: How it affects cancer risk - Medical News Today 2000;283(15):200812. Lu W, Chen H, Niu Y, Wu H, Xia D, Wu Y. Mol Psychiatry, 2017. Fidler MM, Gupta S, Soerjomataram I, Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, Bray F. Cancer incidence and mortality among young adults aged 20-39 years worldwide in 2012: a population-based study. Patients who receive hormonal therapy after surgery further reduce their risk of recurrence by half. Toniolo P, et al. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.72.0326. Cad Saude Publica. Gu L, et al. Effects of steady low-intensity exercise on high-fat Diet stimulated breast Cancer progression via the alteration of macrophage polarization. Diet and cancer in Northeast Brazil: evaluation of eating habits and food group consumption in relation to breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancer and diet: Foods to eat and avoid The reference lists of retrieved studies and recent reviews have also been reviewed to examine potential inclusive studies. Regarding age at recruitment, five studies did not set an upper age limit, and two studies did not set a lower age limit. Cancer Causes Control. J Clin Oncol. J Natl Cancer Inst. Overall, this meta-analysis leads to meaningful conclusions that may allow new recommendations on BC prevention in female populations. 2011;178(1):40212. Results In multivariable-adjusted analyses, overall dairy intake was unrelated to breast cancer-specific outcomes, although it was positively related to overall mortality. 2020;179(3):74353. The identification of isoflavones as possible chemopreventive agents helped fuel this line of investigation. 2002;13(10):93746. Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) - Johns Hopkins Medicine Ahmadnia Z, Joukar F, Hasavari F, Roushan ZA, Khalili M. Dietary patterns and Risk of breast Cancer in women in Guilan Province. Privacy 2001;93(6):88893. Kaluza J, Komatsu S, Lauriola M, Harris HR, Bergkvist L, Michalsson K, et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-012-2339-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.11.005. Eur J Cancer. Int J Cancer. However, for the premenopausal population, the consumption of low-fat dairy products conferred a statistically significant difference in protection against BC (HR=0.94, 95%CI=0.891.00, p=0.048) with moderate heterogeneity among studies (I2=22.6%). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1467-5. However, maintaining a healthy weight after treatment can reduce the risk of breast cancer coming back. Apart from that, the analysis also revealed that high-fat dairy products did not affect premenopausal (HR=1.01, p=0.61) and postmenopausal populations (HR=1.00, p=0.87). Nutr Cancer. 2020;11:575072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.013. A search of relevant studies investigating the relationship between dairy products and BC published before January 2021 was carried out in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Overall dairy intake was not found to be associated with breast cancer-specific outcomes, although it was linked to increased overall mortality. Background The effect of dairy products intake on breast cancer (BC) is highly controversial. Review of previous studies, Zang J et al. Adjuvant endocrine therapy in these patients plays a key role. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21492. https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12083. Laden F, Hankinson SE, Spiegelman D, Neas LM, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, et al. Seventy percent of all breast cancer subtypes are hormone receptor-positive. Soy and Breast Cancer: Is There a Connection? - Healthline Valeria Pala et al. When referencing duplicated literature, the original article was included if the studies were published as an abstract and original article. Oncotarget. Whereas low-fat dairy products differ from high-fat dairy products in the amount of fatty acids obtained by refining full-fat dairy products to extract most saturated fatty acids while preserving unsaturated fatty acids [87]. Am J Pathol. Zong G, Sun Q, Yu D, Zhu J, Sun L, Ye X, et al. A total of 349 women had a recurrence and 372 died during a median follow-up of 11.8 years, with 189 deaths from breast cancer. Google Scholar. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. Vitamin D adequacy: a possible relationship to breast cancer. Consumption of dairy produce and alcohol in a case-control study of breast cancer. The relationship between dairy products intake and breast cancer incidence: a meta-analysis of observational studies. 2020;14(1):2733. Geographic variation in breast cancer incidence rates in a cohort of U.S. women. 2018;38(6):320922. This meta-analysis was conducted according to the Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines [53]. Both endogenous factors (genetic inheritance [9] and genetic mutations [10]) and exogenous factors (lifestyle [11], environmental factors [12], and reproductive factors [13, 14]) can influence the BC occurrence [2, 3, 15]. 2007;99(6):45162. Nutr J. Is dairy (milk) linked to a higher risk of breast cancer? Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;63(6):7859. Int J Food Sci Nutr. Uruguay Eur J Cancer Prev. The larger observational population increases the reliability and authenticity of this studys conclusions. Five Nutritious Essentials To Reduce Breast Cancer Risk On the other hand, diet choices have an impact on health and cancer incidence rate [24]. A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. statement and Lamas B, Nachat-Kappes R, Goncalves-Mendes N, Mishellany F, Rossary A, Vasson MP, et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2016.04.009. A meta-analysis of comparison of proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction and total gastrectomy for proximal early gastric cancer. Information was extracted as follows: the authors name, year of publication, study type, country where the study was done, age, follow-up time, number of participants, number of BC cases identified in the study period, dairy type, and outcomes. Common potential confounders include age, exercise, body mass index (BMI), oral contraceptive use, age of menarche, age of menopause, parity, family history of BC, smoking status and alcohol intake. On the one hand, lifestyle habits such as maintaining circadian stability [20], reducing sedentary behavior [21], little alcohol consumption [22], and little smoking [23] are considered to reduce BC risk. Red meat and chicken with skin (increases your cholesterol levels and promotes the growth of breast cancer cells) Alcohol (promotes the growth of breast cancer cells) Research says that some foods play a role in slowing down the growth of cancer cells or enhancing the efficacy of cancer medications. Kritchevsky D. Antimutagenic and some other effects of conjugated linoleic acid. Whether dairy products play a protective or harmful role against BC occurrence in female population is still controversial. Methods: A total of 349 women had a recurrence and 372 died during a median follow-up of 11.8 years, with 189 deaths from breast cancer. (3) The study was not published in English. Dairy and Breast Cancer - Cancer Dietitian Numerous studies regarding the impact of dairy products on BC risk rates remain inconsistent [38,39,40]. By using this website, you agree to our Eventually, 36 articles [24, 39,40,41,42,43,44,45, 59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86] composed of 1,019,232 participants were selected for this meta-analysis. 2003;107(2):27682. Med Hypotheses. Low-fat dairy intake was unrelated to recurrence or survival. 2017;38(3):42530. Your US state privacy rights, Barzaman K, Karami J, Zarei Z, Hosseinzadeh A, Kazemi MH, Moradi-Kalbolandi S, et al. 2007;167(10):10509. Shin WK, et al. First, all risk estimates of included studies used multivariate models, but potential risk factors were not adjusted in the same way between studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-013-0328-4. The analysis demonstrated that fermented dairy products were not statistically significantly protective for women (HR=0.98, 95%CI=0.951.02), nor for ER+/PR+ BC (HR=1.01, 95%CI=0.971.05) or ER/PR- BC (HR=1.03, 95%CI=0.921.15). 2005;50(6):2449. The bottom line. A jointly agreed data collection form was used to extract all data. BMC Surg. CA Cancer J Clin. Breast Care (Basel). Cancer Res. Secondly, this study selected HR data that adjusted the largest number of potential confounding factors for statistical analysis to improve accuracy. 1994;364:10914. In total, 12 studies investigated the relationship between high-fat dairy products and BC. Impact of Soy Foods on the Development of Breast Cancer and the Kato I, Miura S, Kasumi F, Iwase T, Tashiro H, Fujita Y, et al. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/94.17.1301. High-fat dairy products are harmful to women, without statistical difference (HR=1.06, 95%CI=1.001.13, p=0.066). 2016;36(7):62735. Breast Cancer Treatment | AAFP Health Concerns About Dairy - Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine Faber MT, Jensen A, Sgaard M, Hgdall E, Hgdall C, Blaakr J, et al. The remaining 439 articles were scrutinized through full-text reading. Data supporting findings reported in this study are available in the supplementary materials. In addition, their study considered cheese and butter as the same exposure factor and yogurt as another exposure factor. Numerous studies on the relationship between diet and BC have recently been conducted [25, 26]. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Rhiannon Baxter, 35, a pharmacy care coordinator who lives in Wallasey, in the Wirral, said her breasts felt 'tender' when she was approximately 34 weeks pregnant. McCann SE, Hays J, Baumgart CW, Weiss EH, Yao S, Ambrosone CB. 2005;14(12):2898904. 2015;10(6):3936. Integr Cancer Ther. Increased risk of early-stage breast cancer related to consumption of sweet foods among women less than age 45 in the United States. Lv ZD, et al. J Breast Cancer. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Nutr Cancer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0774-0. A subgroup analysis for menopause status found that although fermented dairy products had no significant effect on the premenopausal population (HR=0.98, 95%CI=0.941.03, p=0.52), they had a protective effect on the postmenopausal population (HR=0.96, 95%CI=0.930.99, p=0.021) and could reduce BC risk in the postmenopausal population without heterogeneity (I2=0%). Eleven studies (615,226 participants) explored the impact of low-fat dairy products on BC, including six studies (584,718 participants) grouped by menopause. Microbiome and malignancy. Nature. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Google Scholar. 2020;40(2):11421. Adv Exp Med Biol. Breast cancer animal models and applications. A meta-analysis of the medium- and long-term effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and laparoscopic roux-en-Y gastric bypass. In fact, researchers have found that consuming soy foods . Schulz M, Hoffmann K, Weikert C, Nthlings U, Schulze MB, Boeing H. Identification of a dietary pattern characterized by high-fat food choices associated with increased risk of breast cancer: the European prospective investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study. Based on the latest GLOBOCAN data, female BC has surpassed lung cancer as cancer with the highest incidence worldwide [5]. Effects of dietary fat, calcium, and vitamin D on growth and mammary tumorigenesis induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020. Sun Q, Xie W, Wang Y, Chong F, Song M, Li T, et al. 2002;11(5):45763. . Is Milk Bad for a UTI? Things to Consider - Healthline 2012;64(6):80619. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. PubMed . BMC Surg. 2015;54(1):5871. Breast cancer may develop in the patient's other . Curr Dev Nutr. Kiecolt-Glaser, J.K., Fagundes C.P., Andridge R., Peng J., Malarkey W.B., Habash D., Belury M.A., Depression, daily stressors and inflammatory responses to high-fat meals: when stress overrides healthier food choices. A new study that suggests drinking dairy milk increases the risk of breast cancer is making headlines, but before you skip the milk in your smoothie, AICR experts say to consider the overall research. Nutr Cancer. 2016;49(3):101927. No clear associations were found between soy products and breast cancer, independently of dairy. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-17-0345. Int J Cancer. Dairy products, calcium and the risk of breast cancer: results of the French SU.VI.MAX prospective study. 1993;53(5):11026. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389557515666150709110959. Turner LB. Int J Epidemiol. How do we explain the increased risk of prostate cancer but the decreased risk of colon cancer associated with dairy consumption? https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.26090. Larsson SC, Mantzoros CS, Wolk A. Diabetes mellitus and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis. It can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort if you're sensitive or intolerant. Shin MH, et al. 2019;12(1). Several trials report that the risk of late recurrence is reduced by the extension of adjuvant endocrine therapy beyond 5 years. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114508966149. Cruciferous Vegetables Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the incidence has continued to rise over time [].Nutrition influences cancer etiology in about 35% of cancer cases [].Preventive dietary advice often includes reducing intake of alcohol, red meat, and fat and increasing intake of fiber and vitamin D as well as phytoestrogens from various food sources. Animal Protein and Cancer Risk - UCSF Osher Center for Integrative Health 2020;41(5):47794. Breast. The NOS checklist was adopted to objectively evaluate the quality of included observational studies in this meta-study. Meanwhile, BC is also the most common cause of death in women [6,7,8]. Iran Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. Milk and the risk and progression of cancer - PubMed Dairy calcium can have antiproliferative properties by reducing the ability of circulating lipids to induce cell proliferation [92, 95, 96]. Acta Oncol. Galvan-Salazar HR, et al. J Natl Cancer Inst. The association between plant-based dietary patterns and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study. Figure1 shows the flow diagram about the selection of articles. The population, intervention/exposure, comparison, outcome, and setting (PICOS) criteria were used to describe the research question. Int Immunopharmacol. Goodwin PJ, Stambolic V. Impact of the obesity epidemic on cancer. Milk Consumption Decreases Risk for Breast Cancer in Korean Women under 50 Years of Age: Results from the Health Examinees Study. Dietary patterns and breast or lung cancer risk: a pooled analysis of 2 case-control studies in North-Eastern Poland. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2011.10.003. Krusinska B, et al. Dalmeijer GW, Struijk EA, van der Schouw YT, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Verschuren WMM, Boer JMA, et al. Hu XJ, et al. Milk, yogurt, cheese Fin and shellfish Cooking and Processing Methods Cooking animal foods at high-heat will create carcinogens. Diabetes mellitus and risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Li S, et al. 2014;72(1):117. Thirteen studies (594,111 participants) explored the effect of non-fermented dairy products on BC risk in female populations, six of which included detailed data on different menopausal conditions. 2017;50(1):33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-017-0140-9. Food groups and Risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response Meta-analysis of prospective studies. https://doi.org/10.1038/4441022a. Two potential reasons exist for the detrimental effect of high-fat dairy products on female BC. However, no clear association between total, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fatty acids and BC has been observed [128, 129]. Combined with the above mechanisms, it may help explain that consumption of fermented dairy products can reduce BC incidence in postmenopausal population. Robien K, Cutler GJ, Lazovich D. Vitamin D intake and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women's health study. Intake of dairy products, calcium, and vitamin d and risk of breast cancer. Table1 and Supplementary Table 1 contain detailed characteristics of the included studies. A third investigator resolved disagreements. Picon-Ruiz M, Morata-Tarifa C, Valle-Goffin JJ, Friedman ER, Slingerland JM. . Google Scholar. The effects of dairy processes and storage on insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) content in milk and in model IGF-I-fortified dairy products. A random-effect model was employed to incorporate data due to the inclusion of different dairy products to increase the credibility of results. In addition, there is controversy in the findings of studies regarding the impact of various dairy types (fermented dairy products, high-fat dairy products, etc.) https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.4.2035. 2014;88(3):62535. In addition, fermented dairy products can reduce BC risk in postmenopausal population, and low-fat dairy products can reduce BC risk in premenopausal population. Total dairy products have a protective effect on female population (hazard ratio (HR) =0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.910.99, p=0.019), especially for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) (HR=0.79, p=0.002) and progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) BC (HR=0.75, p=0.027). 2013;167(3):9259. Review Impact of cows' milk estrogen on cancer risk Peter W. Parodi Add to Mendeley https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2011.08.006 Get rights and content Abstract Estrogens have been implicated in cancer at hormone-responsive sites, such as the breast, ovaries, endometrium and prostate. Dairy products, calcium intake, and breast cancer risk: a case-control study in China. Int J Biol Sci. Here are 12 foods that may help reduce your risk of breast cancer as well as a few to avoid. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-er04a. 2017;1(3):e000422. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660. 1991;51(22):611824. Akram M, Iqbal M, Daniyal M, Khan AU. Yujing He, Qinghua Tao, and Bangsheng Chen manuscript writing; Feifei Zhou and Yuexiu Si performing procedures and data analysis; Rongrong Fu, Binbin Xu and Jiaxuan Xu contribution to writing the manuscript; Xiangyuan Li contribution to drafting conception and design. J Natl Cancer Inst. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc13-0975. [44, 45]. 2003;327(7414):55760. A total of 16,912 relevant articles were identified based on retrieval formula described in the methods section by initial search in PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library database. The effect of dairy products intake on breast cancer (BC) is highly controversial. The second explanation is that consuming high-fat dairy products leads to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), thus increasing the risk of cancer. Pastries. Adv Clin Exp Med. Wirfalt E, et al. 2002;94(17):130111. 1989;49(22):63003. Whereas fermented dairy products can provide probiotics to supplement and balance the gut microbial community, thereby reducing cancer risk [109]. 2013;24(4):67584. Genistein modulates the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin in MCF-7 breast and HT-29 colon cancer cells. Rigi S, Mousavi SM, Benisi-Kohansal S, Azadbakht L, Esmaillzadeh A. Pierobon M, Frankenfeld CL. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-9877(97)90110-9. You may have heard that diet and lifestyle can affect the risk of breast cancer coming back, also known as recurrence. Although consuming fats increases BC risk [126, 127], the effect of different types of fatty acids on BC varies, with studies suggesting that saturated fatty acids are associated with increased BC risk. Alcohol Alcohol. Nutr Res. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2011.570897. Fermented dairy products can reduce BC risk in postmenopausal population but have no protective effect on premenopausal population. All articles were observational studies that record the BC risk in women with dairy products as the exposure factor. CAS Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. According to the meta-analysis, low-fat dairy products were found to have no noticeable effect on all populations (HR=0.98, 95%CI=0.941.03, p=0.50) and postmenopausal population (HR=1.04, 95%CI=0.991.09, p=0.15). Dietary fat and postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and health study cohort. Anti Cancer Agents Med Chem. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev. Extended Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy in Early Breast Cancer - MDPI Among 424,176 participants, 19,208 were newly diagnosed with BC. For ER+/PR+ BC, a trend was observed towards lower risk with consuming dairy products, but the difference was not statistically significant (HR=0.92, p=0.075). Biol Res. Although this meta-analysis reached comprehensive and objective conclusions, there are still potential limitations that need to be considered. Kesse-Guyot E, Bertrais S, Duperray B, Arnault N, Bar-Hen A, Galan P, et al. Diet, lifestyle and breast cancer recurrence Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):3391. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82659-6. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. Obesity and adverse breast cancer risk and outcome: mechanistic insights and strategies for intervention.
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